在这个星球上， All across this planet,
野生小动物必须学会如何生存和壮大 young animals in the wild must learn how to survive and thrive.
他们的父母教这些人生课程， They are taught these life lessons by their parents,
其他的动物也是如此 but also by the other members of their communities.
每一个都将走一条截然不同的道路 Each will follow a very different path.
有一些会成为超感猎手 Some will become great hunters.
另一些会获悉森林的秘密 Others will learn the secrets of the forest.
他们都将面临独特的挑战 They will all face unique challenges
并掌握不同的技能 and master different skills,
代代相传 passed down generations.
五只非凡的小动物 Five remarkable young animals.
五个难以置信的野外成长故事 Five incredible tales of growing up wild.
《在野外生长》 . . 机翻整理 麻木不仁 再校对 Chenym
开端 . .
在阿拉斯加积雪的山峰上，时值晚春 In the white-capped peaks of Alaska,it's late spring.
大部分的雪不久就会融化 Soon much of this snow will have melted.
但现在藏有一个舒适的家 But at the moment it's concealing a cozy home.
一只母棕熊和她的两只小熊的冬季巢穴 The winter den of a mother brown bear and her two tiny cubs.
幼崽就是在这里出生的 The cubs were born in here.
只有几个月大， They're only a few months old,
母熊一直在独自照顾他们 and their mother's been looking after them all on her own.
她挖了这个温暖的洞穴 She dug them this warm den
几个月前用干草铺了一条路 and lined it with dry grass months ago.
虽然她进来后就没吃过东西， And even though she hasn't eaten since entering,
她仍然在给幼崽喂奶 she's still been producing milk for her cubs.
这是棕熊的一家 It's one of the things that make bears
与其他的动物家庭不同 different from our other animal families.
但是有个问题 But there's a problem.
母熊去年夏天积累的脂肪储备， The fat reserves the mother built up last summer,
预备冬眠用的，都快耗尽了， in preparation for hibernation,are running out,
而这正是幼崽迫切需要的奶水 and,therefore,so is the milk the cubs need.
很快，饥饿就会迫使他们迈出第一步 Soon hunger will force them to take their first steps
走出安全的巢穴 outside the safety of their den
开始一段不可思议的旅程 to embark on an incredible journey.
既有大的风险，也有大的回报 One of great risk and great reward.
大约只有三分之一的幼崽 Only one in three cubs is likely
能够活满一周岁 to make it to their first birthday.
这将是他们一生中最重要的一年 This will be the most important year of their lives.
在非洲开阔的平原上， On the open plains of Africa,
另一位单身妈妈正在带着新宝宝 another single mom is introducing her brand-new cubs
来到崭新的世界 to their brand-new world.
五只小猎豹和他们钟爱的母亲 Five baby cheetahs and their adoring mother.
这些幼崽没有巢穴 No den for these cubs.
他们就出生在这片草原上 They were born right here on these grasslands.
这里似乎很平静， It might seem serene here,
但这里的生活不仅非常艰难 but life in this place is extremely difficult
而且很危险 and dangerous.
为了生存， To survive,
这些小猫将跟随妈妈的脚步 these young cats will have to follow in their mother's footsteps
成长为地球上速度最快的猎手 and become the fastest hunters on Earth.
她单独训练他们， She alone will train them,
把他们推向极限 push them to their limits
让他们对最凶猛的敌人有所防备 and prepare them for their fiercest enemies.
不远处住着另一个扎势的猫科家庭 Not far away lives another majestic feline family.
一个在很多方面与猎豹非常不同的家庭 A family very different from the cheetahs in so many ways.
一只幼狮在一个有12多个亲戚的家庭中长大， A young lion cub grows up in a family of 12 or more relatives,
比猎豹大得多 much larger than that of a cheetah.
他有很多表兄弟姐妹可以一起玩 He has plenty of cousins to play with.
他有许多姑姑 He has numerous aunts
还有一位慈爱的母亲来养育他 and a loving mother to nurture him.
最重要的是， And,above all of them,
有一个威猛战士保护，他的父亲 a mighty warrior protector,his father.
有一天幼崽可以统治自己的土地， One day the cub may rule his own land,
但在那之前， but before then,
他必须了解自己在狮群中的位置， he must come to understand his place in the pride,
以及家庭如何团结起来战胜最大的对手 and how the family unites to overcome their greatest adversary.
水牛 Buffalo.
在斯里兰卡， In Sri Lanka,
废弃的废墟是一个更大家庭的家园 abandoned ruins serve as a home to an even bigger family.
（斯里兰卡特有濒危猕猴） 这些是绮帽猕猴 These are Toque macaques.
（斯里兰卡特有濒危猕猴） 他们生活在一个大约有50只的社会里， They live in a society of about 50 members,
比任何猫或熊家庭都要大得多、复杂得多 far larger and more complex than any cat or bear family.
幼猴看起来像开心果一样生活着， Life as a young monkey might look like a barrel of laughs,
但他们都受到严格的社会秩序的支配 but they're all governed by a strict social order.
成为猴群一员，会受到保护、食物也有保障些， Being part of a troop is great for protection and food,
但这是有代价的 but it comes at a cost.
你有多重要、可以吃什么 How important you are and what you're allowed to eat
一切都取决于母亲的地位 all depends on who your mother is.
出身高贵的孩子被当作皇室成员对待 The high-born kids are treated like royalty.
而下层阶级的孩子 While the lower-class kids
每一分钟都被提醒，他们每天所处的位置 are reminded every minute of every day where they stand.
这不是试图超越自己的地方 This is no place to try and get above yourself.
对于最底层的，比如这个小家伙， For the lowest of the low,like this little guy,
只能艰难度日 it makes daily life a real uphill battle.
他是所有事情的最后一个， He's the last in line for everything,
必须找到在社会边缘生存的方法 and has to find ways to survive on the very edge of society.
我们的第五个故事，发生在一片大雨林中 Our fifth story takes place in a great rainforest
在非洲的中心地带 in the wild heart of Africa.
森林刚刚苏醒 The forest is just waking up.
这只好奇的年轻黑猩猩也是如此 And so is this curious young chimpanzee.
与猕猴严格的等级制度不同， Unlike the rigid hierarchy of the macaques,
这家伙住在一个更宽松的地方 this guy lives in a much more relaxed
社区大约有30位亲戚 community of about 30 relatives.
这些黑猩猩是我们五个动物家庭中最高等的， These chimpanzees are the most advanced of our five animal families,
并且发展出了一些真正惊人的技能 and have developed some truly amazing skills
很少有动物能比得上 that few others can match.
这些知识不断传承 This knowledge is passed down
一代又一代 from one generation to the next.
它帮助最年长、最聪明的黑猩猩领导队伍 It helps the oldest,wisest chimps to lead the troop.
这种智慧可能需要年轻的黑猩猩学习20年- Such wisdom may take the young chimp 20 years to acquire.
在成长的道路上， Along the way,
他需要学会辨别 he'll need to learn to distinguish
实际有用的技能 between skills that are actually useful
以及那些没那么有用的技能 and skills that are not so useful.
理解认识之旅 This journey of understanding
将利用整个群落的知识 will draw on the knowledge of the whole troop
还有它所有的年长者 and all of its elders.
单独外出是不可能的-- There's no going it alone
对于一只在野外生长的小黑猩猩来说 for a young chimp growing up in the wild.
生存的关键 . .
幼崽在出生的最初几个月 The first few months of a young animal's life
是一个纯粹探奇的阶段 are a time of pure amazement.
但也存在很多危险 But there are also great dangers.
与其他动物不同， Unlike our other animals,
棕熊整个冬天都在巢穴的安全处冬眠， bears hibernate in the safety of their den for the entire winter,
-当外界没有食物的时候 when there's no food to be had.
但现在是晚春，母熊很饿 But it's late spring,and the mother is starving.
是时候去找食物了 It is time to go find food.
幼崽必须面对的第一大威胁 The first great threat our cubs must face
是山里巨大的春天融雪 is the enormous spring thaw in the mountains.
冰川上的深裂缝 Deep cracks in the glaciers
使某些区域过于危险而无法通过 make certain areas too treacherous to cross.
而不稳定、软化的雪可能导致，只要走错一步 And the unstable,softening snow can turn one wrong footstep
变成一场致命的灾难- into a deadly disaster.
五秒钟之内， Within five seconds,
雪崩的速度可达每小时80英里 an avalanche can reach 80 miles per hour.
最大的雪崩可以暴滑两英里 The largest can travel two miles downhill.
十万吨雪、冰和岩石 One hundred thousand tons of snow,ice and rock
摧毁其前面的一切 consumes all before it.
任何被冰雪抓住的熊都会被卷走而死 Any bear caught in its icy grip will be swept to its death.
然而，幼崽是幸运的 However,our cubs are lucky.
母熊知道一条安全的路线 Their mother knows a safe route.
几年前从她母亲那里学到的 One she learned from her mother years ago.
她的脂肪储备快没有了 Her fat reserves are almost gone.
她体重减轻了40% She's lost 40% of her body weight
很快她的奶水快被吮吸光 and soon her milk will run out.
在此之前，她需要尽快到达海边 Before then she needs to reach the coast
找到他们迫切需要的食物 and the food that they so desperately need.
回到非洲平原， Back on the African plains,
猎豹家庭面临着完全不同的挑战 our cheetah family faces a very different challenge.
当熊必须求生- While the bears must survive
面对正在崩塌的周围环境， their environment literally collapsing around them,
这些幼崽必须和其他动物竞争 these cubs must contend with the other animals
共享他们的环境 that share their environment.
他们只有两个月大 They're only two months old.
仍然在适应这个多样化的草原社会 They're still adjusting to this diverse grassland community
他们还没有从敌人那里学习到“友好” and they have yet to learn friend from foe.
估计这是母亲的职责 Guess that's what mothers are for.
她也是教他们捕猎的老师 She's also the one who will teach them to hunt.
幼崽很快就会完全断奶 Her cubs will soon be fully weaned.
是时候让他们学习追逐的艺术了 It's time for them to learn the art of the chase.
不远处， Not far away,
另一个潜在的猎手正在摸索门道 another would-be hunter is learning the ropes.
大狮群抚养幼狮 The large pride supporting our lion cub
使他尽快成长 makes his early formative years
明显不同于猎豹 markedly different from the cheetahs'.
不同的威胁 And different threats
需要不同的防守办法 require different defensive skills.
别以为这些水牛只是又大又温和的牛 Don't be fooled into thinking these buffalo are just big,gentle cattle.
他们有2000磅重，别惹我 They are 2,000 pounds of don't-mess-with-me.
他们是少数能够杀死狮子的动物 They are one of the few animals that willfully kill lions.
母狮需要把幼崽移到安全的地方 The mother needs to move her cub to safety.
一些水牛正努力驱散狮群 Some of the buffalo herd work to scatter the lion pride.
其他的则以幼崽为目标 Others target the cubs.
母狮试图赶走水牛 This mother attempts to draw the buffalo away.
暂时安全 Safe for the moment.
吓坏了的幼崽惊慌失措 The terrified cub panics.
他被包围，孤身一个，犯了一个较重的错误 Surrounded and all alone,he makes a critical error.
他大声呼唤他的母亲 He calls out for his mother.
水牛听到了他的叫声 But it's the buffalo who hear his cries.
突然，他的母亲冲了进来 Suddenly,his mother leaps into the fray
带头进行大胆的反击 and leads a bold counter-offensive.
其他狮子加入了攻击 The rest of the pride join the attack.
最后 At last,
母狮找到了幼崽 the mother locates her cub.
母亲和幼崽之间的纽带 The bond between a mother and her cub
是自然界中最强大的力量 is as strong a force as any in nature.
其他狮子支持她 And with the rest of the pride to back her up,
现在她的幼崽有更大的生存机会 right now her cub has a much greater shot at survival
比许多其他的幼崽都要好 than many other young animals.
在阿拉斯加，棕熊一家已经到达了目的地 In Alaska,our bear family has reached their destination.
他们穿过了群山， They've made it through the mountains,
到达茂盛的海岸草地 down to the lush coastal meadows.
不像狮子幼崽， Unlike the lion cub,
这些小熊们只有母熊照顾 these young bears have only their mother to look after them.
第一次探索他们的世界， Exploring their world for the first time,
他们一直处于好奇之中 they are in a permanent state of wonder.
有充分的理由 And for good reason.
所有的棕熊都从冬眠中醒来了 All the bears have come out of hibernation.
就如小熊的妈妈一样， Like the cubs' mother,
他们整个冬天都不吃东西冬眠， they've slept all winter without eating,
他们真的很饿 and they're really hungry.
饿得可以吃草了 Hungry enough to eat grass.
新鲜的莎草可以缓解他们的饥饿感 Fresh sedge grass quells their immediate hunger
而且容易消化 and is easy to digest.
但它并不特别开胃 But it's not particularly appetizing.
好的是，你不用 The good thing is,you don't have
浪费精力去寻找它， to waste any energy trying to find it,
这是幼崽们的理想地方， which is ideal for the cubs,
自从离开巢穴后，他们的成长很快 since,leaving their den,they've hit a growth spurt
而且不时感到饿 and are constantly hungry.
经验丰富的成年熊已经学会 Experienced older bears have learned
尽可能地吃 that this is a time for eating all you can
保存体力 and conserving your strength.
现在幼崽的妈妈 Now the cubs' mother doesn't have
不能选择躺着 the option of laying around.
六个月没吃东西了， After six months without food,
她需要富含蛋白质的草来保持足够的奶水 she needs the protein-rich grass to keep her milk flowing.
正在成长的幼崽很需要 Her growing cubs are now demanding
四倍于他们在巢穴里喝的奶水量 four times as much milk as they did in the den.
两只幼崽都渴望得到所有的奶水 Both cubs are greedy for all the milk they can get.
他们不会满足，除非他们吮到-- They aren't satisfied unless they get
每天45盎司奶水 45 ounces of milk a day.
如果其中一个怀疑另一个 And if one of them suspects the other
额外得到一盎司， of getting an extra ounce or two on the side,
小心 watch out.
母熊知道幼崽必须学习 Their mother knows the cubs must learn
不要把注意力放在自己身上 not to draw attention to themselves.
这里有致命的公熊，他们需要避免 There are dangerous bears here they need to avoid.
最大的雄性体重可达1000磅 The biggest males can weigh as much as 1,000 pounds.
比他们妈妈大三倍 Three times bigger than their mother.
总有一天，幼熊也可能得直面对手- Someday,our cubs,too,may have to face down rivals
这种公开的力量展示 in such open displays of strength.
但现在，他们看不见公熊 But right now,it's the bears they can't see
这是他们需要担心的 that they need to be worried about.
一只饥饿的公熊闻到了他们的气味 A large,starving male has caught their scent.
如果可以的话，他会杀死并吃掉他们 He will kill and eat them if he can.
母熊拼命地把他们带到安全的地方 The mother is desperate to get them to the safety of cover.
但是太晚了 But it's too late.
追捕者正在追赶他们 Their pursuer is upon them.
单身母亲的代价 The cost of being a single mother
现在情况清楚了 now becomes clear.
不像母狮，她没有姐妹- Unlike the lions,she has no sisters
帮助保护她的幼崽 to help her protect her cubs.
她完全靠自己 She's completely on her own.
在攻击过程中，幼崽跑丢了 In the midst of the attack,she loses track of her cubs.
这正是那个大公熊想要的- It's exactly what the big male
并一直在等待的 has been waiting for.
公熊的袭击是幼熊死亡的主要原因之一 Attacks by male bears are one of the main causes of cub deaths.
但这次不是 But not this time.
当他试图找出他们的气味时， While he's thrown off trying to track their scent,
母熊瞅准机会把幼崽送到安全的地方 the mother seizes her chance to get her cubs to safety.
母亲是幼崽抵御一切威胁的最佳保护者 A mother is a cub's best defense against all threats.
寻找食物 . .
能够在日复一日的危险中幸存下来- Just surviving the dangers of day-to-day life
这对幼崽来说是一个考验 can be a trial for young animals.
他们也必须学会养活自己 But they must also learn to feed themselves.
斯里兰卡丛林宫殿的黎明 It's dawn in the jungle palace of Sri Lanka.
当地人刚刚醒来， The locals are just waking up,
他们饿着寻找早餐 and are hungry for breakfast.
猴子们不断地寻找食物 The monkeys' search for food is constant.
而今天，他们已经爬上 And today,they've descended upon
一棵盛产成熟无花果的榕树 a banyan tree full of ripe figs.
他们的饮食中，大约80%是水果 Nearly 80% of their diet is fruit.
但水果缺少一种重要元素，蛋白质 But fruit lacks one vital element,protein.
一些群落成员， Some members of the troop,
如果他们够狡猾、够幸运， if they're crafty enough and lucky enough,
将找到最丰富的蛋白质来源， will find one of the richest sources of protein,
鸟蛋 birds' eggs.
称之为超软蛋卷 Call it an extra-soft omelet.
蘑菇是一种更容易和不滑腻的替代品 An easier and less goopy alternative are mushrooms.
味道也不错 They taste pretty good,too.
在废墟外围的一个荷花池， At a lily pond on the outskirts of the ruins,
拥有这些资源丰富的猕猴已经发展出 these highly resourceful macaques have developed
令人惊讶的创新和罕见的方法- a surprisingly innovative and unusual method
寻找食物 of foraging for food.
年轻人从母亲那里观察和学习 The young watch and learn from their mothers.
睡莲的花苞味道鲜美，营养丰富 The seed heads of the lily pads are delicious and nutritious.
但它们并不都是容易摘选的， But they're not all easy pickings,
这就是猕猴的创造力所在 and this is where the macaques get creative.
惊奇的是，他们已经学会了潜水 Remarkably,they've learned to dive underwater.
他们是游泳能手 They're proficient swimmers
能在池塘深处找到食物 and can find food hidden in the depths of the pond.
他们把发现的东西贮藏在颊囊内，以后再吃 They stash what they find in cheek pouches,to eat later.
对于聪明的动物， For intelligent animals,
这是大群体生活的最大优势 this is one of the great advantages of living in a large group.
当一个人发展出一项新技能， When one individual develops a new skill,
其他人可以跟着领头的学习 the others can learn to follow their lead.
在非洲雨林， In the African rainforest,
黑猩猩接受了这种知识传承的方式 our chimpanzees have taken this form of passed-down knowledge
并达到一个全新的水平 to a whole new level.
他们生活在地球上最多样化的栖息地之一 They live in one of the most diverse habitats on Earth.
在这里学习生存的秘密可能需要一生的时间 It can take a lifetime to learn the secrets of survival here.
为了做到这一点，年轻的黑猩猩吸收全体群落- To do so,young chimps draw on the collective know-how
的共同知识 of the whole troop.
老一辈人知道的技巧最多 The old-timers know the most tricks.
这个小家伙正在学习森林果实的食用方法 This little guy is learning about the fruits of the forest.
对黑猩猩来说，水果就是生存 For chimps,fruit is survival.
年长者已经知道森林 The elders have learned that the forest
各处生长不同类型的水果- produces different types of fruit
在一年中的不同时间 at different times of year.
他们教年轻的黑猩猩哪棵树结果实， They teach the young chimps which tree is in fruit when,
何时以及如何吃的最佳方式 and how best to eat it.
这个坚硬的木制回飞棒实际上是一棵本地树的果实 This tough wooden boomerang is actually the fruit of a Xylia tree.
要得到更多的果实，需要做很多工作 It's a lot of work to get to a few seeds.
这已经足够让居住者筋疲力尽的了 And that's enough with the exhausting Xylia.
继续吃下一个水果 On to the next fruit.
森林深处有一条河- Deep in the forest there's a river
这个地方、这个时节有其他的软水果 where other softer fruit is in season.
成年猩猩收集水果，并带到小溪边 Adults collect the fruit and carry it to the stream.
他们学会了在吃之前洗净 They've learned to wash the dirt off before they eat them.
这不是最复杂的饮食方式， It's not the most sophisticated style of eating,
但是年轻的黑猩猩忠实地模仿着 but the young chimp dutifully emulates it.
经过几代人的反复试验， After generations of trial and error,
这是黑猩猩发展出来的技术 this is the technique the chimps have developed
吮吸出果实中最好的汁液 to get the best out of the fruit.
就在你认为所有的果汁都没了的时候，最后一个窍门 Just when you think all the juice is gone,one last trick.
加一点水，然后再继续吮吸 Add a little water,and go again.
嗯 Mmm.
嗯嗯 Mmm-hmm.
还不错 Still good.
但生存还有很多 But there's more to subsistence
不是重新咀嚼已经咀嚼过的水果 than re-chewing already chewed fruit.
食物探摸的下一个层次 The next level of food-figuring
将涉及一种巧妙的技术 will involve an ingenious technique
只有很少动物发现 that few creatures have discovered.
对于其他动物来说，挑战不仅仅是吃什么食物， For other animals,the challenge isn't just what food to eat,
他首先要学习如何找到食物 it's learning how to find it in the first place.
在阿拉斯加海岸，退潮时， On the Alaskan coast,when the tide retreats,
如果你知道去那里看，它会显示出充满食物的广阔泥滩 it reveals vast mudflats full of food,if you know where to look.
母熊带着她的幼崽 The mother bear has brought her cubs
到安全开阔的海滩- to the safety of an open beach
危险的公熊不能偷偷靠近他们 where dangerous bears can't sneak up on them.
而且，她知道哪里可以找到食物 And better yet,she knows where to find food here.
是时候向幼崽展示食用新鲜蛤蜊了 It's time to show the cubs how to feed on fresh clams.
这是一门艺术 It's a bit of an art.
熊鼻子的嗅觉， A bear's nose,
超过人类一千倍 which is over a thousand times
比我们更敏感， more sensitive than ours,
能够嗅出埋藏的贝类 is perfect for sniffing out the buried shellfish.
这是小熊第一次去海边， This is the cubs' first trip to the seaside,
可以理解， and they are,understandably,
小熊这时有点不知所措 a little overwhelmed by the moment.
还有其他的小熊享受着这个安全的海滩 There are other young bears enjoying the safety of this beach.
一年多前， A year or so ago,
他们也和母亲在一起，学习挖蛤蜊 they were also with their mothers,learning to dig for clams.
经过这么长时间， And after all this time,
他们还没有忘记嬉闹 they still haven't forgotten how to horse around.
这种有趣的扭打很重要 This playful tussling serves an important purpose.
这有助于他们找出谁更强壮 It helps them work out who's stronger
并可能避免真正的致命打斗 and may prevent actual deadly fights
或者在长大后避免严重受伤 or serious injury when they're fully grown.
并不是所有来到这个海滩的游客都是来这里玩的 But not all visitors to this beach are here to play.
公熊也来了 The big bear is back.
他经常提醒这个家庭 He is a constant reminder to this family
他们永远不要放松警惕。 that they can never let their guard down.
在斯里兰卡，猕猴对食物的搜寻是一刻不停的 In Sri Lanka,the macaques' search for food is never-ending.
一只地位低下的猴子- One low-ranking monkey doesn't have
没有活力与其他人一起活动 the energy to join in with the rest.
高位的孩子们吃得很好，充满活力和自信 The high-class kids are well-fed,full of energy and confidence.
他们毫不掩饰，他不是他们中的一员 They make no secret of the fact that he's not one of them.
更糟糕的是，当猴群找到食物时， Worse still,when the troop does find food,
只有社会精英才能享用最美味的鲜花 only the social elite get to feed on the tastiest flowers.
而低层中的最底层， As the lowest of the low,
他只能靠残羹冷炙生存 he has to survive on scraps from above.
饥寒交迫， Weak from hunger,
他太累了，快撑不住了 he's too tired to hold his own.
他的生存机会，正在迅速减少 His chances of survival are fading fast.
其中一位领队是一位高大的雄性，他注意到幼猴有麻烦了 One of the group leaders,a large male,has noticed he's in trouble.
生活在社会边缘使他容易受到攻击 Living on the edge of society leaves him open to attack.
以不寻常的姿态， In an extraordinary gesture,
男领导同情他 the male leader takes pity on him.
这很少见， It's rare,
但有些灵长类动物确实收养易受伤害的幼崽 but some species of primate do adopt vulnerable youngsters.
这是住在大群落中的另一个好处 It's another advantage of living in a big troop.
最重要的是， Most importantly,
大公猴可以告诉幼猴在哪里找食物 the big male can show the little monkey where to find food.
毛毛虫出现了， Caterpillars have appeared,
挂在树上，像摇摆的果实 hanging from the trees like wiggling fruit.
多汁的鹰蛾毛虫是最大最胖的 Juicy hawk moth caterpillars are the biggest and fattest.
它们也是最难接触到的 They're also the most difficult to reach.
猴子的最佳时机 The perfect time for monkeys
展现他们的运动能力 to show off their athleticism.
大毛毛虫在远处 The big caterpillars are beyond
小家伙抓住了， our little guy's grasp,
但也有很多较小的 but there are plenty of smaller ones
在废墟中挖掘 grubbing around in the ruins.
毛毛虫是蛋白质的丰富来源 Caterpillars are a rich source of protein.
这是饥饿、成长中的年轻人的完美食物 The perfect food for a hungry,growing youngster.
肚子开始鼓鼓了，有人照顾他， With a full belly,and someone to look out for him,
这只年轻猕猴的生活终于有了起色 life for this young macaque is finally looking up.
捕猎 . .
对于一些小动物来说， For some young animals,
仅仅知道在哪里可以找到食物是不够的 simply knowing where to find food isn't enough.
他们必须学会如何捕捉食物 They must learn how to catch their food.
能从你身边逃走的食物 Food that can run from you.
猎豹妈妈是这个领域的主人 The mother cheetah is a master of this domain.
要喂五张饥饿的嘴， With five hungry mouths to feed,
她几乎每天都要打猎 she must hunt almost every day.
这些幼崽得到了第一手的教训 And these cubs get first-hand lessons
来自平原上速度最快的捕食者 from the fastest predator on the plains.
母猎豹的爆发速度 Their mother's explosive speed
使她非常适合 makes her perfectly suited
以较小的羚羊为目标 to targeting smaller antelope.
大羚羊太强壮了- Larger antelope are too- strong
对她自己去打猎而言 for her to hunt on her own.
她在等一个粗心的猎物 She's waiting for one to drop its guard.
能够增加她的成功机会， To increase her chances,
她必须尽可能靠近- she must get as close as she can
在发动攻击之前 before launching her attack.
她的幼崽今晚可以大快朵颐了 Her growing cubs will eat well this evening.
成群生活的较大猎物可以避开孤独的猎豹 Larger prey living in herds are safe from a lone cheetah.
但是另一种猫科动物， But a different kind of cat,
用完全不同的策略， with a totally different strategy,
可以突破兽群的防御体系 can overcome a herd's defenses.
幼狮即将看到 The young lion cub is about to watch
和了解他的家庭狮群如何捕猎 and learn how his family pride hunts.
共同努力， Working together,
他们可以瞄准比他们重20倍的斑马 they can target zebra 20 times heavier
而不是猎豹猎杀的小瞪羚 than the gazelle the cheetah hunted.
这些肌肉发达的猫科动物使用爆发力和出其不意 These muscular felines use strength and surprise
远超原始速度 rather than raw speed.
母狮们联手设下伏击 The lionesses join forces to set an ambush.
幼狮的妈妈带头 The cubs' mother takes the lead.
她的工作是分开牛群 Her job is to split the herd
迫使她们中的一些走进她们的埋伏圈 and force some of them towards her sisters lying in wait.
幼崽们目不转睛地注视着陷阱的设置 Her cub watches intently as the trap is set.
一起狩猎增加了狮群的成功机会 Hunting together increases the pride's chances of success.
这也增加了他们的机会- It also improves their chances
拥有食物 of keeping their food.
一次成功的猎杀，同时也是其他人想要偷走的奖品 A fresh kill is a prize that others would like to steal.
猎豹一家狼吞虎咽地吃着瞪羚 The cheetah family have gorged on the gazelle.
但狩猎的骚动吸引了羡慕的旁观者 But the commotion of the hunt has attracted envious onlookers.
鬣狗， Hyenas,
猎豹最糟的噩梦 a cheetah's worst nightmare.
鬣狗是强大的敌人，他们不但会偷食物 Hyenas are powerful enemies and will steal their food.
而且更糟糕的是，如果他们发现了幼崽 But worse,if they discover the young cubs...
他们将捕杀幼崽 they will hunt them down.
母豹以前失去过几只幼崽 The mother's lost several cubs before.
她知道幼崽处于极度危险之中 She knows they're in extreme danger.
但她最大的狩猎能力现在暴露出她一个弱点 But her greatest hunting asset now exposes a weakness.
猎豹为了速度而牺牲身体 A cheetah sacrifices bulk for speed.
她身体不是为这场战斗而设计的 She's not built for this fight.
如果被凶猛的鬣狗下颚咬了一口 One bite from those savage jaws
游戏就结束了 and it's game over.
母豹看不见幼崽 Their mother's lost sight of them.
他们在回到母豹身边之前不会安全 They won't be safe until they're back by her side.
随着光线的减弱， As the light fades,
他们的生存机会也是如此 so do their chances of survival.
鬣狗在夜间狩猎，可以花时间寻找幼崽 Hyenas hunt at night and can take their time to find the cubs.
黎明带来希望 The dawn brings hope.
一只小幼崽找到了 One little cub has made it.
还有她的两个姐姐 Along with her two sisters.
但其他两个却无处可寻 But the two others are nowhere to be found.
他们是在夜里走失的 They've been taken in the night.
甚至是，生来就要狩猎的年轻动物 Even young animals who are born to hunt
却成为了其他猎手的猎物 can fall prey to hunters.
找到食物并不容易， Finding food is seldom easy,
富足时刻 但时不时， but every now and then,
富足时刻 食物会成批的来 it arrives wholesale.
富足时刻 一旦发生时， And when it does,
成长中的小动物需要准备好资本 a growing young animal needs to be ready to capitalize.
到目前为止，棕熊一直靠青草和蛤蜊生存 Until now,the brown bears have been surviving on grass and clams.
但是他们更需要为即将到来的冬天增肥， But they need to fatten up for the coming winter,
我们都知道这意味着什么 and we all know what that means.
鲑鱼 Salmon.
一年一度地迁徙， They're on their annual migration,
离开大海向上游游去 leaving the sea to swim upriver
到淡水产卵场 to freshwater spawning grounds.
这正是每只熊都能享受到的丰富食物 It's the great food bonanza that every bear here
已经等了一年了 has been waiting all year for.
所有的熊都需要增加重要的体重 All the bears need to pile on vital pounds
备足他们漫长的冬眠 for their long winter hibernation.
他们会狼吞虎咽地吃鲑鱼， They'll gorge on the salmon,
如果可以的话，一天最多吃30条鱼 eating up to 30 fish a day,if they can.
但竞争是激烈的 But competition is fierce.
因为这些熊不知道这种食物能吃多久 As these bears have no idea how long this food will last.
再次，这个家庭必须找到一个安全的地方 Once again,the family must find somewhere safer.
更上游处是母亲从前些年就知道的地方 Further upstream is a spot the mother knows from previous years.
鲑鱼永远无法保证， The salmon are never guaranteed,
但她希望至少会有一些 but she's hoping there will at least be a few.
而且，嘿，看起来有一些 And,hey,looks like there are a few.
不止几个 More than a few.
饥饿的熊不敢相信自己的眼睛 The hungry bears can't believe their eyes.
比他们想象的还要多的鲑鱼 More salmon than they could ever dream of.
他们所要做的就是抓住他们 All they have to do is catch them.
母亲在这里捕鱼已经一年了 It's been a year since the mother fished here.
幼熊是个生手 She's out of practice.
太令人沮丧了，幼熊希望能取得好成绩 It's so frustrating.The cubs were expecting to score big.
但是再试一次，再试一次， But try,try again,
他们终于得到了期待已久的 and they finally get what they've waited so long for...
鲑鱼晚餐 A salmon supper.
有这么多鱼，公熊没有必要打架 With so many fish,the bigger bears have no need to fight.
成长中的幼崽最终将有机会进食 The growing cubs will finally get their chance to eat
直到他们不能再吃了 until they can't eat anymore.
只要鲑鱼继续来，熊就会继续进食 The bears will keep feeding for as long as the salmon keep coming.
他们将食用全年食物的90%- They'll eat 90% of their entire year's food
就在这几周 in just a few weeks,
积累脂肪能让他们好好活着 piling on fat that will keep them alive
安然度过冬眠 through their winter hibernation.
在斯里兰卡的废墟上， In the Sri Lankan ruins,
雨季的雨水已经散去了 monsoon rains have let loose
一种完全不同的免费供应 a different kind of free-for-all.
成千上万的有翅膀的白蚁 Thousands of winged termites are
飞起寻找寻找新的殖民地 taking to the air to found new colonies.
猕猴真的被它们淹没了， The macaques are literally engulfed by them,
所以他们几乎不需要花费任何体力 so they hardly need to expend any energy
抓起这种有效的蛋白质来源 snatching up this potent source of protein.
这场难以置信的飞行盛宴每年只举行一次， This incredible flying feast occurs only once a year,
只有寥寥几个小时， and lasts just a few hours,
因此，猴群必须好好享受这个时刻 so the troop must savor the moment while it lasts.
黑猩猩丛林家园的季节性降雨 Seasonal rains in the chimpanzees' jungle home
也带来了成群的昆虫 have also brought out swarms of insects.
但这些虫子是不同的 But these bugs are different.
这些虫子会咬人 These bugs bite back.
一群只执行一项任务的凶猛的蚂蚁士兵 A column of ferocious soldier ants with just one mission.
养活一支5000万人的蚂蚁军团 To feed an army of 50 million.
是时候学习如何吃饭 Time to learn how to eat
而不被吃掉 without being eaten.
这是一个简单而巧妙的技巧 It's a simple but ingenious trick.
曳小枝钓蚂蚁 Twig-trolling.
很久以前，小黑猩猩的祖先 A long time ago,one of our little chimp's ancestors
偶然发现了一种吃蚂蚁的简单方法 stumbled upon an easy way to eat ants.
用树枝做一根钓竿， Make a rod from a twig,
把它戳进一个聚集群， poke it into a colony,
再急拉 and presto,
有货 a bugsicle.
另一项被传承下来的非凡技能 Yet another remarkable skill that's been passed down
一代代相传 from generation to generation.
这是年轻黑猩猩的一代 And this is the young chimp's generation.
轮到他观察和学习了 It's his turn to watch and learn.
制造工具是 Making tools is something that
很少有动物能做到的 very few animals have ever managed.
这对我们的小家伙来说是件大事 So this is a big deal for our little guy.
在你知道之前，他已经掌握了这项技能 Before you know it,he's mastered the trick.
但他仍然需要学习- But he still has to learn
部落中最先进、最难学的技能。 the troop's most advanced and most difficult skill.
盟友和敌人 随着我们的小动物长大， As our young animals grow older,
他们迎接新的挑战，学习新的人生课程 they meet new kinds of challenges and learn new life lessons.
通常这些课程并没有教给他们太多 Often these lessons are not so much taught to them
因为是大自然强加给他们的。 as they are imposed upon them by nature.
小猎豹失踪已经有几个月了 It's been a few months since the young cheetahs lost
两个兄弟的失去，是土狼干的坏事 their two brothers to the hyenas.
那晚的记忆仍然萦绕在家人的心头， The memory of that night still haunts the family,
但这也提高了他们的警觉性 but it has also heightened their alertness.
成长中的幼崽有一种本能的冲动 The growing cubs have an instinctive urge
练习捕猎和生存技能， to practice their hunting and survival skills,
完全不受母亲的影响 quite separate from their mother's influence.
这包括玩耍打斗， This includes play-fighting,
还有打猎 and play-hunting.
即使是母猎豹也不能免于突然袭击 Even their mother is not safe from a surprise attack.
另一方面，攀爬， Climbing,on the other hand,
对于猎豹来说，这似乎不是一项非常有用的技能 might not seem like a very useful skill for a cheetah.
母猎豹知道这是一项至关重要的技能 But their mother knows it's a crucial skill.
打不过敌人的大猫 A cat that can't defeat its enemy
综合实力需要一个B计划预备 with sheer strength needs a Plan B.
下次鬣狗叫喊的时候， Next time the hyenas come calling,
幼崽将有机会逃跑 the cubs will have a chance.
不远处， Not very far away,
小狮子即将遇到 our young lion is about to encounter
来自家庭内部的威胁 a threat from inside the family.
与猎豹不同的是，这是大狮群 Unlike the cheetahs,it's his large pride
这让他很安全，吃得很饱， that has kept him safe and well-fed,
但好日子快到头了 but that's about to end.
狮王父亲对所有狮群的雌性都有交配权， His father has mating rights to all the pride females,
为了保护他们会开杀戒 and will kill to protect them.
这名年轻雄性现在已经两岁 The young male is now two years old
很快就会想要成立自己的狮群 and will soon want his own pride.
这使他成为父亲的潜在威胁， This makes him a potential threat to his father,
因此狮王必须把他赶了出去 who consequently forces him out.
这是年轻狮子一生中关键但痛苦的时刻 It's a pivotal and painful moment in a young lion's life.
年轻狮子并不孤单 But he's not alone.
所有同龄的表兄弟也被放逐 All his male cousins of the same age are banished as well.
年轻的猎豹也面临着严峻的考验 The young cheetahs are also facing a critical test.
他们害怕的日子已经到来 The day they've been dreading has arrived.
鬣狗回来了 The hyenas are back.
到目前为止，幼猎豹已经学会了母亲一直知道的事情 By now the cubs have learned what the mother has always known.
这些入侵者不仅仅是清道夫， These intruders aren't just scavengers,
他们是非常高效的猎手 they're deadly efficient hunters.
母猎豹再一次领头防卫 Once again,the mother leads the defense.
但这一次，她并不孤单 But this time,she's not alone.
鬣狗试图包抄母猎豹，并将其幼崽分开 The hyenas attempt to outflank the mother and separate her cubs.
一只勇敢的幼猎豹冒着生命危险 One brave young cub risks her life
回到母亲身边 to back up her mother.
给她的姐妹们足够的时间 Giving her sisters just enough time
逃到树上安全的地方 to escape up a tree to safety.
B计划奏效了 Plan B has worked.
鬣狗不会爬树 Hyenas can't climb trees.
危险过后，姐妹们重新回到母亲身边 When the coast is clear,the sisters re-join their mother.
他们完全有权利庆祝 They have every right to celebrate.
但未来还会有更多的考验 But there will be more battles to come.
至少现在，他们知道用计谋胜过敌人 At least now they know they can outmaneuver their foes.
另一方面，年轻狮子正在挣扎着生存 The young lions,on the other hand,are struggling to get by.
因为没有母亲打猎， With no mothers to hunt for them,
只有八分之一的年轻狮子能进入成年 only one in eight males make it to adulthood.
突然，猎豹幼崽的机会 Suddenly,the cheetah cubs' chances
别那么难看 don't look quite so bad.
这是旱季的高峰， It's the height of the dry season,
经常发生草地火灾的时期 a time of frequent grass fires.
成群的大型猎物已经离开了 The herds of big game have moved on.
对于野外捕食者来说，没有容易的选择 There are no easy pickings for open-range predators.
流浪的狮子正在挨饿 The outcast lions are starving.
年轻雄狮突然发现了什么 Our young male suddenly spots something.
空中的迹象 A sign from above.
只要有秃鹫的地方， Wherever there are vultures,
附近就有食物 there is food nearby.
腐尸不是他想要的食物 A rotting carcass isn't the meal he was hoping for.
但他顾不得这些 But he's desperate.
他和堂兄弟会在这个时候，有啥吃啥 He and his cousins will eat anything at this point.
他必须在荒野中再待三年 He must face three more years in the wilderness
在他大到可以统治之前 before he's big enough to rule.
问题是，他能活那么久吗？ The question is,can he survive that long?
绮帽猕猴即将面临自己的可怕威胁 The Toque macaques are about to face their own dire threat.
他们家上方的岩石 The rocks above their home have been
被竞争对手抢占 taken over by a competing troop.
这些伤痕累累的战士想要果树- These battle-scarred fighters want the fruit trees
争夺寺庙这块地 of the temple grounds for themselves.
他们会为了领土而去打斗 And they'll go to war to get them.
双方互相评估 The two sides scope each other out.
瞭望员提醒高大的雄性注意成年猴 Lookouts alert the big males to man
当入侵者进入时，前线会被封锁 the front lines as the intruders move in.
孩子们被迅速送到安全的地方 The little ones are whisked off to safety.
所有的猴子并肩工作 All the monkeys work together
防御敌群 to defend against the enemy troop.
这是生活在一个大群体中的另一个大好处 It's another vital benefit of living in a big group.
家群不仅仅是在保卫他们的食物 The home troop aren't just defending their food.
如果他们被打败， If they're defeated,
入侵者可能会迫使他们过上奴役的生活 the invaders may force them into a life of servitude.
像大多数动物一样， Like most animals,
猴子也会尽可能避免暴力冲突 the monkeys will avoid violent fights if they can.
用面部警告和姿势语言 Facial warnings and body postures
告诉对手退后，否则 tell the opposition to back off or else.
这些手势是评估谁最强的一种方式 These gestures are a way of assessing who's strongest
尽量不发动战斗 without starting a battle.
但当谈判破裂时 But when negotiations break down...
这是一场全面战争 It's all-out war.
双方势均力敌 The sides are evenly matched.
只有群落领导才能决定结果 Only the troop leaders can decide the outcome.
主队坚守阵地 The home team holds its ground
击退入侵者 and repels the invaders.
但并不是每个人都在庆祝 But not everyone is celebrating.
这个小家伙失去了他的保护者， This little guy has lost his protector,
猴群领导者 the troop leader.
他受伤的同志们扫视战场 His injured comrades scan the battlefield.
但他却无处可寻 But he's nowhere to be found.
但不久， But then,
从敌人撤退后， from the wake of the enemy's retreat,
群落的勇敢领袖出现了 the troop's brave leader emerges.
回到他年轻的门徒身边 And returns to his young protege's side.
这只小猴子经历了很多风风雨雨 This little monkey has been through a lot of ups and downs
这么小的年纪 for such a young age.
现在， But for now,
他的未来看起来很安全 his future looks safe.
古老传统 . .
在非洲雨林深处， Deep within the African rainforest,
一个大秘密即将被揭开 a great secret is about to be revealed.
我们的小黑猩猩 Our young chimpanzee is about to
发现工具的非凡用途， discover an extraordinary use of tools,
几个世纪前由一只受启发的黑猩猩发明， invented centuries ago,by an inspired chimp,
代代相传 and passed down through the generations.
与非洲其他地区的黑猩猩不同， Unlike chimps in other parts of Africa,
这些黑猩猩发现了如何敲开坚果 these chimps have discovered how to break open nuts.
这比看起来难多了 Which is a lot harder than it looks.
只有使用正确的工具才行 Only the right set of tools will do.
首先，你需要一个稳固的底座来固定坚果 First you need a steady base that holds the nut in place.
然后需要合适的锤子 Then you need the right kind of hammer.
族群领导有自己独特的手脚并用技术 The troop leader has his own special hand-and-foot technique
这让其他破胡桃办法相形见绌 that puts other nut-crackers to shame.
他很高兴向年轻的后起之秀展示这是如何做到的 But he's happy to show the young up-and-comers how it's done.
刚满三岁， And having just turned three years old,
轮到这个小家伙学习这门艺术了 it's this little guy's turn to learn the art.
他给自己一个又好又大的坚果 He's got himself a nice,big nut.
他决定用一把木锤 And he's decided to go with a wooden hammer.
还没人告诉他 No one's told him yet
那种木头不是使坚果开裂的最好材料 that wood is not the best material for cracking nuts.
就这样，他找到了一块锋利的好石头 That's it.He's found a good,sharp rock.
通常不需要这么长时间 Normally it doesn't take this long.
砸开它，干得好 Cracked it.Good job.
最有经验的成年人不会花那么多精力 The most experienced adults don't expend so much energy.
他们知道更大的岩石意味着更少的击打 They know larger rocks mean fewer strikes.
但这个大工具比坚果更容易开裂 But large tools will crack more than nuts.
需要几年时间的磨练 It will take years
年轻的黑猩猩才能和成年人一样优秀 before our young chimp is as good as the adults.
他还在学习的路上， But he's on the learning curve,
在掌握这项非凡技能的过程中 and well on his way to mastering this remarkable skill
很少有被砸开的 that so few have cracked.
后记 我们所有非凡的小动物都活了下来- All of our extraordinary young animals have gone on to live
在充实但充满挑战的生活里 full but challenging lives.
在阿拉斯加，幼熊的第一年是一次真正的考验 In Alaska,the bear cubs' first year was a true test
他们出色通过 and they passed with flying colors.
大马哈鱼的盛宴养胖了他们 The great salmon feast fattened them up
并为冬天做好了准备 in preparation for winter.
没有它， Without it,
他们不可能在这里生存 they would not have survived here.
幼崽最终将学会如何自己寻找食物， The cubs would eventually learn how to find food on their own,
但仍将依靠母亲的保护 but would still rely on their mother's protection
大约需要另外的两年 for another two years.
他们继续变得更强壮 They continue to grow stronger
随着季节的轮替，变得更加冒险 and more adventurous with the passing of the seasons.
但是当今年第一场大雪来临时， But when the first heavy snows of the year arrive,
是时候回到高山上去 it's always time to return to the high mountains
挖一个窝 to dig a den
进入漫长的冬眠 and settle in for the long winter months of hibernation.
在非洲平原， On the African plains,
雄狮也在流放的艰苦岁月中，活了下来 the male lions survived their harsh years in exile.
到五岁时，他们将是强有力的少壮派， By the age of five,they were powerful young adults,
准备为自己的狮群和王国而战 ready to fight for a pride and kingdom of their own.
他们进入了一片由两位老战士兄弟统治的土地 They entered a land ruled by two old warrior brothers.
其中一个，年老体弱， One of them,aging and frail,
不打架了 didn't have the heart for a fight.
他那顽强的弟弟只能独自面对几个强壮的年轻雄性 His tenacious brother was left to face the strong young males alone.
他们一起被赶走，年轻雄狮成为新的狮子王 Together,they ran him off and became the new lion kings.
三只小猎豹和妈妈呆在一起 The three cheetah cubs stayed with their mother
直到他们一岁半大 until they were a year-and-a-half old.
但他们在独立前进行了最后一次测试 But they had one final test before they reached independence.
他们能自己打猎吗？ Could they hunt for themselves?
面对各种困难， Against overwhelming odds,
母猎豹抚养了三只壮实的小猎豹 their mother had raised three mighty young cheetahs
他们准备在野外独立生活 who were ready to make their own way in the wild.
猕猴将再次受到威胁 The macaques would again be threatened
但从未被邻国对手击败 but never defeated by their neighboring rivals.
还有群落领导给他指路， And with the troop leader to show him the way,
这只卑微的猴子会长大 the lowly monkey would grow up
会有一个自己的家庭 to have a family of his own.
最后，在大雨林， And finally,in the great rainforest,
还需要20年的时间， it would take 20 more years,
但这只年轻的黑猩猩最终会掌握- but the young chimpanzee would eventually master
祖先的所有技能 all of his ancestors' skills
并且成为 and live to become
群落里最聪明年长者的一员 one of the wisest elders of his troop.
机翻整理 麻木不仁 再校对 Chenym